當沒有明確主體時用 doing；當有明確主體時用 to do 的词。
一、完全符合模式的動詞
1. allow - 允許
- allow doing sth - 允許做某事
- The school doesn’t allow smoking on campus.
- 學校不允許在校園內吸煙。
- allow sb to do sth - 允許某人做某事
- The school doesn’t allow students to smoke on campus.
- 學校不允許學生在校園內吸煙。
2. permit - 許可
- permit doing sth
- The company doesn’t permit using personal phones during work hours.
- 公司不允許在工作時間使用私人電話。
- permit sb to do sth
- The company doesn’t permit employees to use personal phones during work hours.
- 公司不允許員工在工作時間使用私人電話。
3. forbid - 禁止
- forbid doing sth
- The law forbids parking in front of fire hydrants.
- 法律禁止在消防栓前停車。
- forbid sb to do sth
- The law forbids drivers to park in front of fire hydrants.
- 法律禁止司機在消防栓前停車。
4. advise - 建議
- advise doing sth
- Doctors advise drinking at least 8 glasses of water daily.
- 醫生建議每天喝至少8杯水。
- advise sb to do sth
- Doctors advise patients to drink at least 8 glasses of water daily.
- 醫生建議病人每天喝至少8杯水。
5. recommend - 推薦
- recommend doing sth
- Experts recommend exercising for 30 minutes every day.
- 專家建議每天運動30分鐘。
- recommend sb to do sth
- Experts recommend people to exercise for 30 minutes every day.
- 專家建議人們每天運動30分鐘。
6. encourage - 鼓勵
- encourage doing sth
- The government encourages recycling to protect the environment.
- 政府鼓勵回收以保護環境。
- encourage sb to do sth
- The government encourages citizens to recycle to protect the environment.
- 政府鼓勵市民回收以保護環境。
二、特殊情況（主動表被動）
7. require - 需要/要求
- require doing (需要被做，主動形式表被動意義)
- This carpet requires cleaning.
- 這塊地毯需要清洗。（= needs to be cleaned）
- require sb to do sth
- The school requires students to wear uniforms.
- 學校要求學生穿校服。
8. need - 需要
- need doing (需要被做，主動表被動，較英式)
- Your hair needs cutting.
- 你的頭髮需要剪了。（= needs to be cut）
- need sb to do sth
- I need you to finish this report by tomorrow.
- 我需要你明天前完成這份報告。
9. want - 想要
- want doing (需要被做，主要用於英式英語)
- The house wants painting.
- 這房子需要粉刷。（= needs to be painted）
- want sb to do sth
- I want you to paint the house.
- 我想要你粉刷這房子。
三、喜好類動詞
10. like - 喜歡
- like doing (一般性喜好)
- I like reading before bed.
- 我喜歡睡前閱讀。
- like sb to do (希望某人做某事)
- I like my students to ask questions in class.
- 我喜歡學生在課堂上提問。
11. prefer - 更喜歡
- prefer doing
- I prefer walking to work rather than driving.
- 我更喜歡步行上班而不是開車。
- prefer sb to do
- I’d prefer you to walk to work rather than drive.
- 我更希望你步行上班而不是開車。
12. hate - 討厭
- hate doing
- She hates getting up early.
- 她討厭早起。
- hate sb to do
- She hates people to interrupt her while working.
- 她討厭工作時被人打擾。
13. love - 喜愛
- love doing
- Children love playing outdoors.
- 孩子們喜歡在戶外玩耍。
- love sb to do
- I’d love you to visit us this summer.
- 我很希望你今年夏天來看我們。
四、雅思常用動詞
14. advocate - 提倡
- advocate doing
- Environmental groups advocate reducing plastic consumption.
- 環保組織提倡減少塑料消費。
- advocate that sb (should) do
- Environmental groups advocate that people (should) reduce plastic consumption.
- 環保組織提倡人們應該減少塑料消費。
15. urge - 敦促
- urge doing (較少用)
- Scientists urge taking immediate action on climate change.
- 科學家敦促對氣候變化立即採取行動。
- urge sb to do
- Scientists urge governments to take immediate action on climate change.
- 科學家敦促政府對氣候變化立即採取行動。
五、⚠️ 常見錯誤用法
❌ suggest
錯誤： I suggest you to study harder.
正確用法：
- suggest doing: I suggest studying harder.
- suggest (that) sb (should) do: I suggest (that) you (should) study harder.
例句：
- The teacher suggested reviewing the material before the exam.
- The teacher suggested that we (should) review the material before the exam.
❌ prohibit
錯誤： The law prohibits people to smoke indoors.
正確用法：
- prohibit doing: The law prohibits smoking indoors.
- prohibit sb from doing: The law prohibits people from smoking indoors.
例句：
- The regulation prohibits dumping waste in the river.
- The regulation prohibits companies from dumping waste in the river.
❌ ban
錯誤： The city banned citizens to use plastic bags.
正確用法：
- ban doing: The city banned using plastic bags.
- ban sb from doing: The city banned citizens from using plastic bags.
例句：
- The government banned hunting endangered species.
- The government banned hunters from hunting endangered species.
六、只接 doing 的動詞（不能接 sb to do）
resist - 抵抗
- She couldn’t resist buying that dress.
- 她忍不住買了那條裙子。
avoid - 避免
- You should avoid making the same mistake twice.
- 你應該避免犯同樣的錯誤兩次。
consider - 考慮
- We’re considering moving to a bigger apartment.
- 我們正在考慮搬到更大的公寓。
deny - 否認
- He denied stealing the money.
- 他否認偷了錢。
enjoy - 享受
- I enjoy learning new languages.
- 我享受學習新語言。
finish - 完成
- Have you finished writing your essay?
- 你寫完論文了嗎？
mind - 介意
- Would you mind opening the window?
- 你介意打開窗戶嗎？
practice - 練習
- She practices playing the piano every day.
- 她每天練習彈鋼琴。
risk - 冒險
- Don’t risk losing everything you’ve worked for.
- 不要冒險失去你努力得來的一切。
七、只接 sb to do 的動詞（不能單獨接 doing）
compel - 強迫
- The evidence compelled them to change their decision.
- 證據迫使他們改變決定。
force - 強迫
- Nobody can force you to do something you don’t want to do.
- 沒人能強迫你做不想做的事。
enable - 使能夠
- Technology enables people to work from anywhere.
- 科技使人們能夠在任何地方工作。
persuade - 說服
- She persuaded me to apply for the scholarship.
- 她說服我申請獎學金。
remind - 提醒
- Please remind me to call my mother tonight.
- 請提醒我今晚給媽媽打電話。
teach - 教
- My father taught me to ride a bike.
- 我爸爸教我騎自行車。
tell - 告訴
- The doctor told me to get more rest.
- 醫生叫我多休息。
warn - 警告
- I warned you not to trust him.
- 我警告過你不要相信他。
八、雅思寫作實用句型
Task 2 常用表達
表達建議：
- I would recommend implementing stricter environmental regulations.
- Experts advise taking a balanced approach to this issue.
表達禁止/限制：
- Governments should prohibit using single-use plastics.
- Many countries have banned companies from disposing of waste irresponsibly.
表達鼓勵：
- Schools should encourage students to participate in extracurricular activities.
- Society needs to encourage people to adopt healthier lifestyles.
表達要求：
- This situation requires taking immediate action.
- The law requires businesses to provide equal opportunities.
快速記憶技巧
- allow, permit, forbid - 權限類動詞，兩種用法都可以
- advise, recommend, encourage - 建議類動詞，兩種用法都可以
- suggest, propose - 只能用 doing 或 that 從句，不能用 sb to do
- prohibit, ban - 用 from doing，不是 to do
- require, need, want + doing - 主動表被動（表示「需要被…」）